Panicproof lock



Feb. 4, 1936.

V. EICHEL.. JR

PANICPROOF LOCK Filed March 23, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 4, 1936. J. v. EICHEL, JR

- lPANICPROOF LOCK Filed March 25, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JM VEMEM 5y LS 50 a spring I4.

Patented Feb. 4,\1936 PATENT OFFICE PANICPROOF LOCK John V. Eichel, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to H. S. Getty & Co., Inc., Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application March 23, 1935, serial No. 12,696

y 6 Claims. This invention relates to panic-proof locks, and

more particularly to locksl especially adapted to,

use in ships and the like. l

An important object of the invention is the provision of a panic-proof lock in which the usual latch and dead-bolts are provided and in which, without regard to the positions of these elements, the door may be always opened by a room occupant by merely turning the knob.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a lock of this character insuring privacy to the room occupant when the dead bolt has been shot, the construction being such that with the dead bolt in position itis impossible to enter the room with any other than'the occupants key or an emergencykey.

I am aware that the objects above outlined have been heretofore given consideration in the con# s struction of locks, but the devices of this char.

that the locks are diflicult to maintain in opera-l tive condition. Accordingly, a more speciflcobjectof the invention is the provision of a lock containing these features which is extremely simple in its construction and in which the use oi pivoted parts isreduce'd to a minimum and the only pivoted parts provided are of such character that they may be very ruggedly and durably constructed. i l

These and other objects I attain by the con` struction shown in the accompanying drawings wherein, for the purpose of illustration, I have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein: Y Fig. 1 is` a side'elevation of the lock with the case face removed, the dead bolt being Awithdrawn; f Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the dead bolt projected;

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and o lig.` 4 is an elevation of the opposite sideof the latchbolt from that shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral I0 designates a lock casing having a face plate II through which is slidably directed the usual latch bolt I2 and adead bolt I3, the latch bolt being normally extended through This latch bolt may be retracted through a roll-back I5 operating through a yoke I6 upon the latch bolt shank, the yoke I6 being held in its normal position by the usual spring I1. 55 The dead bolt I3, in addition to the guide prodead bolt.

bers 22 and 23 are spaced from one another suinvided by the plate II, is at its inner end pro vided with a slot I8 receiving a stud Iiiv formed on one wall of the case, this stud having a reduced extension 20 mounting a roller 2 I, the purpose of which will presently appear. The upper 5 face of the inner end of the latch bolt is disposed adjacent opposed rotatable members 22 and 23 comprising respectively a Idead latch operator actuated from lthe interior of the room and the cylinder of a lock 24, each of these rotatable ele- 10 ments having an operating lug 25 for coaction with suitable camming faces 26a formed on the The inner ends of the rotatable memboit I3 when the dead bolt snail have been moved from either of its positions for a predetermined distance toward theother o f its positions. A 25* spring 30 insures the proper camming action.

This dead bolt is provided with a lug 3| extending in the path of a tongue 32 rigidly fixed to the knob yoke I 6 andso positionedthat when the deadbolt is in shot position the lug 3| lies in 30 close proximity to the tongue 32 and in the path -of movement thereof when the latch bolt is being withdrawn through this yoke so that the dead bolt, if in shot position, is returned to its inoperative position simultaneously with actuation 5 of the latch bolt.

It is contemplated that this lock shall be employed with a dummy knob at the exterior of the door and an actuating knob at the interior thereof, and it will be obvious that even though the 40 room occupant dead-bolt his door, he-may immeation of the yoke from the latch bolt, it would be impossible to withdraw the dead bolt through any inserted element which would force the latch bolt back to inoperative position.

With'the dead bolt in its operative position and shield 26 interposed in the path of the key slot ofi the cylinder lock, it is imposible for-any one 5 to enter the ,room other than a person having either an occupants or an emergency key, these keys being made shorter than the keys provided to chambermaids, stewards or the like. The longer key, Striking against the shield cannot properly align with the tumblers of the lock so that the rotatable element 23 may not be operated. The shorter key properly aligning with the tumblers will, however, rotate the part 23 withdrawing the bolts I2 and I3 if both have been applied.

If the room occupant has left the door on the latch upon leaving the same, the' key slot is unobstructed and the longer key:y may Ibe utilized for entry, the lug of the cylinder lock engaging-- against the cam face'33 on the upper end of a. lever 34 pivoted at 35 upon the dead bolt I3. Roller 2| has as its primary purpose maintenance of the inner end of the dead bolt in its proper position. It will be noted that this roller has a. diameter greater than the width of slot I8 so that it overlies the edges of the"'slot and, being disposed between the dead bolt and one Wall of the casing, maintains the dead bolt in proper relation to the'other wall thereof to prevent the formation of any space which would permit escape of a convolution of the spring 30 from its mounting lug 36. as a guide roller for lever 34.

The disposition of the key shield upon the lever 21 serves another function than that of merely providing a mounting therefor. It will be noted that the lock illustrated is of the one and onehalf key rotation type, that is to say, with the dead bolt shot it is rst necessary to rotate the key to withdraw the dead bolt and then partially rotate the key to bring the lever 34 into position where it may be contacted by the key-operated lug. This is :lue to the fact that the lever 34 is carried by the dead bolt and is, accordingly, moved out of the path of the key lug when the dead bolt is shot. Obviously, if a room occupant leaves the door on the latch, the longer key of the chambermaid or steward may be inserted. Prompt interposition of the shield 26 is necessary to prevent this key being manipulated sufliciently to spring the lock, particularly in view of the fact that the bolt is of the cam type. With the arrangement shown, the minute any move is made to shoot bolt I3 the camming action between the lug 29 and cam surface 28 rocks lever 21 upon its pivot, throwing the key shield toward the key slot and into the path of rotation of the key, this motio-n being, of course, coupled by a slight movementl on the part of the bolt itself; thus, the type of mounting provided serves to augment the movement of the shield to its shielding position during the primary dead bolt movement. If any attempt is made to operate the longer key to shoot the bolt from the outer side of the door, the shield will immediately contact with the key, necessitating its withdrawal without shooting the bolt and at a point where the bolt, if slightly extended, will be withdrawn by the camming action of cam 28 against the member 29.

Since the construction illustrated is capable of considerable modification without in any man- 'Ihis roller, however, also actsner departing from the spirit of my invention, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. rn a. lock, a laten bolt, a ldeed boit, 'a rouback yoke havingportions to Contact and simultaneously withdraw both said bolts from operative to inoperative position, either of said bolts being movable fromoperative to inoperative position independently of any movement of the roll-back yoke or of the other of the bolts and key-operated means to move said bolts.

2. In a lock, independently movable latch and dead bolts, a roll-back yoke, said latch bolt and dead bolt each having a portion arranged in the path of movement of a portion of the roll-back yoke whereby both bolts may be simultaneously Withdrawn, the portions of said bolts engaged by the portions of the yoke being each so disposed with relation to said portions of the roll back yoke that either of the bolts may be withdrawn from operative position without contact with the associated yoke portion and key-operated means to move said bolts. f -v 3. In a lock, a latch bolt, a dead bolt, a rollback yoke having portions to contact and withdraw both said bolts from operative to inoperative position, either of said bolts being movable from operative to inoperative position independently of any movement of the roll-back yoke or of the other of the bolts, key rotatable means operable from one face of the lock to Withdraw either of the bolts, and means limiting the extent of key insertion when said dead bolt is in operative position. v

4. In a lock, independently movable latch and dead bolts, a roll-back yoke, said latch bolt and dead bolt each having a portion arranged in the path of movement of a portion of the roll-back yoke whereby both bolts may be simultaneously withdrawn, theportions of said bolts engaged by the portions of the yoke being each so disposed with relation to said portions of the roll-back yoke that either of the bolts may be withdrawn from operative position Without contact with the associated yoke portion, key rotatable means operable from one face of the lock to withdraw either of the bolts, and means limiting the extent of key insertion when said dead bolt is in `operative position.

5. In a lock, a dead bolt, a key-rotatable member to withdraw'or extend the dead bolt, a. shield carriedby the dead bolt and moving as the bolt is shot into the path of an inserted key and means to provide an initial movement of the shield to its shielding position which is augmented beyond.

the movement of the dead bolt.

6. In a lock, a dead bolt, a key-rotatable member to withdraw or extend the dead bolt, a lever pivoted to the dead bolt, a shield mounted on the lever and disposed, when the dead bolt is extended, in the path of an inserted key, and means engaging the lever during initial movement of the bolt from inoperative toward operative position and moving the shield-bearing portion of the lever in the direction of movement of the bolt.

'JOHN V. EICHEL, JR. 

